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What happens if my Hermit crabs large pincher fell off and wont go back into its shell?

This just happened to my hermit crab the other day, he is moving around without his shell, but the tank smells! WHAT TO DO !

clean the tank and make sure he has alot of other shells his might not fit.

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Do I Need Spare Gas Tanks?

One should always have spare gas tanks for situations when the fuel-tank stops working due to certain reasons. It becomes all the more important for women driver while travelling during night. However, replacing an old fuel container with a new one is not an easy task. The fuel-tanks are quite heavy which is why it can be a daunting task and difficult handling.

The entire process actually includes two steps, removing old container and installing new tank. In order to remove the old gasoline tank, firstly, one would be required to drain it. The drain-plug is always situated on bottom side of the container. One can even make use of pliers to untie the drain-plug. Now, jack the vehicle up to given extra space to work, and locate the 2 straps holding tank which would essentially run the entire length of car. Next, undo the 4 bolts on end parts of straps with ratchet, but do not take out bolts until the container is supported after which the jack can be placed under the fuel container. This is primarily done to support the container as one removes straps. Now, remove 4 bolts, then fuel inlet hosepipe, and take off assembly situated at topside of the tank.

One would be required to place a fresh O-ring for the new fuel tank. After placing new O-ring on threads, put the assembly together on the top of the fuel container. Put spare gas tank on jack so that one can get support while attaching hoses and wires. Fit in the 'inlet hose' at the back of the container and snap the wires and fuel lines back to the points they were earlier detached from. Make sure that the straps are providing an adequate support to the tank. Ensure the bolts are within an easy reach for the purpose of unrestricted movements. Lastly, pour at least 3 gallons of gasoline to make sure that the fuel-pump picks the gas.

About the Author

We have the economical and permanent solution to the oil spillage problem in the Gulf of Mexico

(1888PressRelease)The oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico become an Environmental Catastrophe and We have the economical and permanent solution to the oil spill problem.

In Spain in 2002 we had a similar problem with the Prestige spillage accident. This problem was never solved because of the government bureaucracy.

This oil spillage has already decimated the economy and the marine life of a large costal area in the Gulf of Mexico. This damage will continue to grow exponentially in other areas of the Gulf of Mexico and in the coast of Florida.

The real problem of oil spillages in the coastal areas, is when the oil spillage reaches the shores, this will damage and destroy the economy of the areas.

Taking out the oil from the sea is only a first step, the big problem will be when the oil spill reaches the shores.

We propose to clean the areas, the sand and the vegetation "In Site" with Biodegradable Chemicals and Biological Acceptable Products that are Environmentally Friendly to accelerate the process of Biodegradation. To do that we need heavy machinery to mix the products with the soil and sand and a lot of hand labor "In Site", this way we solve two problems: - The Contamination and the Unemployment in the area.

We must understand the gravity of the danger to US coast from the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico since an April 20th , because this isn't a storage tank or a ship with a finite amount of oil that has boundaries.
It's a river of oil flowing from the bottom of the Gulf with an estimate at rate of up to 5,000 barrels (210,000 gallons) a day and could continue for another 90 days if the leak isn't contained.

The nation's worst environmental disaster in decades, threatening hundreds of species of fish, birds and other wildlife along the Gulf Coast, one of the world's richest seafood grounds, teeming with shrimp, oysters and other marine life. The economic impact of the spill will extend far beyond marine wildlife and the fishing industry, harming coastal property owners, the tourism industry, and a myriad of others who supply them with goods and services.

The oil leaking now covers an area of the Gulf of Mexico about 100 miles long and 45 miles at its widest. Clearly, the fear for everybody, including the west coast (of Florida), is that you get the oil not only on the beaches but then Everglades National Park or resources in the Keys. That would be devastating
This year we saw natural disasters worldwide (earthquake , oil spills, etc.)and for the continuity the fragility of the human memory change the focus so fast .

The 1989 Exxon Valdez spill off the coast of Alaska is still regarded as one of the world's biggest environmental disasters after the tanker crashed into a reef in Prince William Sound, releasing 41,639,529 liters of oil into the ocean. On November 13, 2002, while the Prestige was carrying a 77,033 metric tons cargo of two different grades of heavy fuel oil. Currently, financial responsibility was limited to the ship owner, and liability scales with the tonnage of the ship. The large multinational oil companies which usually charter the vessels and own the cargo escape all responsibility. According to 1990's Oil Pollution Act, the company responsible must pay for the cleanup.

For more than a decade, we had fought for human safety and environmental protection and it's time we stand up to work together taken particular interest in protect the world environment. The recovery of the coastal and marine ecosystems affected by the disaster cannot be ignored like the Exxon Valdez and Prestige spills.

We the people must understand "we are a nation and whatever happen affects each one of us".

Paul Chehade:.
http://www.mpcd.info

Effects on the Water

Oil spills affect water in a variety of ways. When oil is released into water, it does not blend with the water. Oil floats on the surface of salt and fresh water. Over a very short period of time, the oil spreads out into a very thin layer across the surface of the water. This layer, called a slick, expands until the oil layer is extremely thin. It then thins even more. This layer is called a sheen and is usually less than 0.01 mm thick.

Oil spills on the surface of the water are subjected to the whims of weather, waves and currents. All these natural forces move slicks across the surface of the water. In addition, these forces stir up the oil slick and also control the direction the slick moves in. An oil spill far out at sea can be carried ashore by wave and current action. Rough seas can split an oil slick apart, carrying some oil in one direction and more in another. In contrast, a near shore oil spill can be totally controlled by currents and wave action that causes the oil to come ashore, damaging marine shoreline habitat.

Different types of oil react differently when spilled. Some evaporate in small amounts while others break down quicker. After the sheen breaks down, a moderate amount of oil will break down and be deposited on the bottom of the ocean. This usually happens in shallow water. Certain types of microbes will break apart and consume the oil, but this in no way makes up for the damage done during the spill. In addition, when oil breaks apart and sinks to the ocean floor, it contaminates the underwater habitat too.

Effects on the Coastline

Perhaps the most visual part of an oil spill is the harsh effects oil has on the coastline. Pictures of oil covered birds and sea mammals are common. Oil is thick and sticks to everything it touches. While the most visual part of the damage might be the birds and wildlife we see on TV, consider that the oil covers everything right down to a grain of sand. Every rock, every piece of driftwood, saw grass, sand, soil and every microscopic habitat is destroyed or affected by the thick oil that washes ashore after a spill. Oil spills affect the coastal habitat from the smallest shells up to the largest boulders.

Unless there is a concerted effort to clean the shoreline, oil will basically stay on shore until weather and time break the oil down. The process is extremely slow which is why so many environmentalists work diligently to clean beach areas, rocks, and shoreline that have been contaminated. The gooey mass that makes up an oil slick litters the shoreline with ugly black tar. What makes it so very dangerous is that the coastline is where so much marine life is concentrated. Typically, shore areas are the nurseries for fish and marine life, in addition to being the home of many young marine mammals. Contaminated shorelines are not only unsightly, but also extremely dangerous to any wildlife in the area.

Effects on Marine Life and Wildlife

When oil floats on the water surface, what happens when a marine mammal surfaces in the center of a slick? The animal ingests the oil. If this marine mammal is miles from the oil spill but happens to ingest a fish that swam through it, he is poisoned. The effects are far reaching. Marine and coastal life can be contaminated in a number of way, through poison by ingestion, destruction of habitat and direct contact with oil.

Ingesting oil can cause any number of problems. Death is the obvious one. However, if an animal ingests oil-saturated food, the effects might be longer reaching that simply making the animal ill. People are not aware of the immediate impact to an animal's ability to mate and have viable offspring after being exposed to oil contamination. Fish ingest oil suspended in the water through their gills. It is known that this affects their ability to reproduce.

Habitat destruction is all too obvious with an oil spill. The most visible would be seen on shore but beneath the water, there is a very delicate balance in the reefs and shallow water habitats. Plankton, the smallest organisms, are affected by oil spills. This effect moves right on up the food chain. Of particular concern are the very delicate sea life, such as clams and mussels that feed on plankton.

Direct contact with oil harms any animal that comes in contact with the oil. Bird's feathers are designed to repel water to protect the animal from the elements, in addition to allowing many birds to float on the water when resting or searching for food. When oil cakes the feathers of a bird, it keeps the feather from repelling water. Oil also weighs down the bird, keeping it from flying. If a bird isn't cleaned of the oil, it's a sure license to death. Many birds ingest deadly amounts of oil trying to clean their feathers. The same holds true for marine mammals. Marine mammal fur acts as an insulator to keep the animal warm in the coldest waters. When oil saturates the fur, it ruins the ability of the fur to retain heat. Again, marine mammals can ingest the oil when trying to clean their fur.

Source:
http://www.1888pressrelease.com/we-have-the-economical-and-permanent-solution-to-the-oil-spi-pr-206836.html

About the Author

http://www.mpcd.info

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Gale Banks: a Legend Among Gas and Diesel Truck Enthusiasts

Gale Banks is a gearhead, die-hard enthusiast, and a leader in the automotive community. With over 50 years of experience working on gasoline and diesel engines, he is a valuable resource for anyone looking to extract more power out of their car or truck engine. He is best known for his Banks Monster Exhaust systems and the Banks Bullet power programmer. These parts are made for a large variety of vehicles and are custom made to work seamlessly with the car or truck, requiring no modification for installation.

It was Jay Leno, the late night talk show host and world renowned car enthusiast, who had the original idea to put a 1,790 cubic inch V-12 engine from a Korean-war era M47 Patton tank into a car. It was a marriage of Frankenstein proportions, but it wasn’t crazy enough for Mr. Leno. Many people would ask, isn’t 810 horsepower enough for a street car? Jay Leno didn’t seem to think so and felt that twin-turbo charging the engine would deliver the level of insanity he was seeking. For this reason, Jay contracted Gale Banks of Gale Banks Engineering for his personal advice and expertise in producing his one-off Tank Car. After much research, trail and error, and fabrication, Gale was able to create one of the most ludicrous machines ever made by man. To sum up the modifications made to the M47 Tank engine, Banks added to the mix an entirely new exhaust system, a revised intake manifold, twin turbochargers, and a built from the ground up fuel system to make this V-12 monster push out more than 1600 horses and over 3000 foot-pounds of torque! Due to the excessive wheel spin and to make the car more street-able, the car was tuned down to around 1200 horsepower. Needless to say, Jay Leno is overly pleased with the results of his absolutely mad concoction. He is also proud to comment that not only has Gale significantly improved the power output, but also the fuel economy!

Project Sidewinder is another one of Gale Banks side ventures into diesel performance. Project Sidewinder is the fastest diesel pickup truck in the world, pushing out quarter-mile times as low as 12.16 seconds at 115 miles per hour! To produce the 735 hp and 1300 lb-ft of torque, Banks had to make several modifications to the stock system. Some of the major additions include ram air ducting, an improved cooling system, new fuel rails and fuel pump, extensively modified cylinder heads, and a Holset Variable Geometry Turbocharger (VGT). The VGT is a particularly important choice for getting quick quarter-mile times as it allows the turbocharger to maximize boost created for any given RPM range. It does this by changing the angle of incidence of the turbines to minimize turbo lag and backpressure. This in turn minimizes the time it takes to spool the turbo and maximizes boost across the RPM band. Variable Geometry Turbines are a relatively new advancement in turbocharger technology and are proving to give many the extra edge in performance they need to win races and take home the prize. In fact, VGT is one of the latest technologies that Porsche has incorporated into their 911 Turbo to help keep it in the forefront of the ultra competitive battle for the top supercar.

Click on these links for more information about Gale Banks, Banks Exhaust, or Banks Bullet.

About the Author

Matt is an up and coming expert on all things automotive. He spends much of his free time studying advancements and progress made in all fields automotive.

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Locating Levels in Tanks and Silos Using Infrared Thermal Imaging

Background

 

Instrumentation for locating levels in tanks and silos is often unreliable. The need for precise information about levels remains necessary, or even critical, in many instances. For example, in one situation a thermographer was employed to verify a liquid level in a large storage tank along the Gulf Coast prior to the arrival of a tanker ship. In continuous processes the operator must know how much capacity is available in each tank. Without that knowledge production may be impeded or, if an overflow occurs, a potentially dangerous situation created. Sometimes traditional level indicating instruments simply cannot determine levels. Foams and waxes, for instance, are difficult to detect and measure accurately.

 

A paper mill experienced a situation in which a tank was believed to be sized improperly, when in fact it was simply full of foam rather than liquid. De-foaming the tank proved more cost effective than unnecessarily replacing it with a larger one! A petrochemical plant hired a contractor to clean out a large tank. When the manway door was opened, sludge, which had settled to a depth high above the door, oozed forth creating a dangerous and environmentally damaging situation. For industries needing to comply with the safety and process requirements of OSHA 1910, thermography may prove to be a particularly cost-effective tool to use. Each of these situations represents a real instance where infrared could have been used to provide or verify information about the condition inside the tank or silo. Level location as well as verification of other level indicating instruments continues to be an important need in industry.

 

Thermal Imaging as a Method for Determining Levels

 

Most of the time, the materials in a tank or silo, whether solids, liquids, or gases, behave differently when subjected to a thermal transition. The materials often have differing thermal capacitance characteristics. Gases typically change temperature much more easily than liquids. Water, for instance, has a thermal capacity that is 3500 times greater than air. One Btu of energy added to a cubic foot of water will raise its temperature 0.016°F while the same energy added to the same volume of air results in a 55°F increase!

 

While the thermal capacity of solids may be similar to liquids, the different way in which heat is transferred permits them to be distinguished with an infrared camera. Solids, such as sludge, are influenced primarily by conductive heat transfer. Fluids (non-solids), on the other hand, are strongly influenced by convective heat transfer. The result is that the layer of solids in close contact with the tank wall, despite its often high thermal capacitance, heat and cool more rapidly than the liquid portion because they do not mix in the same way the liquid does. One issue is whether the tank/silo is half-full or half-empty. This determination requires further research by the investigator of the materials, container housing and environmental circumstances.

 

Necessary Environmental Conditions

 

Key to determining levels is to observe the tank or silo during a thermal transition. If viewed with an infrared camera while at a thermal steady state with the surroundings, no differences will be seen. In fact, tanks and silos that are full or empty often appear identical with no indication of a level. Interestingly, it is difficult to find tanks or silos that are not in transition, although it may not always yield a detectable image. Outdoors, the day/night cycle often provides sufficient driving force to create detectable differences. Even indoors, variations in air temperature are often sufficient to make thermal transitions apparent. Environmental conditions can have a direct influence on the ability to detect levels by thermal imaging. Wind, precipitation, ambient air temperature, and solar loading can all, separately or together, create or negate differences on the surface. Other factors to be considered include the temperatures of the products being stored in or moved through the tanks and silos, as well as the rates at which they are moving. Many tanks are insulated, although rarely to the extent that they will always and entirely obliterate the thermal patterns caused by levels. When insulation is covered with unpainted metal cladding, care must be taken to increase emissivity, as discussed later.

 

Thermal Patterns of Materials in Different Forms

 

The most obvious pattern is a result of a liquid/gas interface. In a situation where the product is not heated, the gas typically responds quickly to the transient situation, while the liquid responds more slowly. During the day, the gas may be warmer than the liquid;at night it is cooler. Liquid/sludge relationships may be more difficult to discern. A larger transient may be required to create a detectable image. Thin layers of sludge may also be indistinguishable from the tank bottom. Sludge buildup in the center of the tank (i.e. not in contact with the wall) is simply not detectable, although product buildup on the sidewalls is often quite obvious. Foams are often not difficult to distinguish from liquids but may appear similar to gases. Care should be taken when pushing the tank through a rapid thermal transition to reveal the thermal differences. Locating levels associated with floating materials, such as waxes, will typically require more persistence, skill and a greater rate of transitional heat transfer, but the results can be startling.

 

Whether or not liquid/liquid interfaces, such as a mix of oil and water, can be seen depends entirely on their differing thermal capacities and, to a lesser extent, their viscosity. Simple experiments suggest it is fairly easy to locate the interface of oil and water, but further work needs to be done in the field to validate this technique. Some solids, such as coal ash, plastic pellets, powdered lime and wood chips, behave as fluids and are designated as "fluidized solids." While heat transfer in such materials is still primarily conductive, mass transfer of heat by the material's movement can be significant. For instance, hot ash or lime blown into a silo carries its process heat to the silo. Fluidized solids tend to behave similarly to liquids in the way they respond to gravity, except for the fact that they can "bridge" across areas where liquids typically would not. In fact, locating bridging of fluidized materials is a valuable use for thermography.

 

Issues to be Considered

 

Some tanks are covered in cladding, often unpainted aluminum or stainless steel. Detecting the kind of fine temperature differences necessary to reveal levels on surfaces such as these-ones having low emissivity and high reflectivity-is nearly impossible. The radiant difference is simply not detectable. The problem, however, is most often easily rectified by applying a high emissivity target vertically. A painted stripe or a piece of tape on the tank, for instance, can work very well. For outdoors work, use light colors and/or the shady side of the equipment to avoid solar loading. Occasionally tanks are heated or cooled with a jacket. These often cause thermal imaging cameras to be ineffective for level determination . In some instances it may be possible to see the structural "stand offs" between the tank wall and the jacket.

 

Tanks that are insulated can also prove challenging. Thankfully, insulation levels are typically not great enough that they preclude seeing levels; rather the insulation changes the thermal dynamics to the point where a detectable level may not be obvious as often. Simple techniques, explained below, can help enhance thermal differences so that they can be detected. In some instances it may be possible to cut small "plugs" out of the insulation at various levels that would more clearly reveal the tank temperatures. Although solar loading can enhance a pattern, more often it can cause subtle thermal patterns in a tank or silo to be obliterated. It may be possible to view the container on the shady side, but sometimes it may be necessary to return when the sun's affect is lessened. Spheroid tanks offer another type of challenge in that, when viewed from one point, their reflectance varies widely over their curved surface. It is not unusual to find the tops of such tanks appearing cooler while the bottom appearing warmer; all too often both patterns are related more to reflectance than emission. Tanks located inside of buildings are not subjected to diurnal heating cycles. Some thermal cycling usually does take place, but it may not be enough to make the radiant differences detectable. Again, simple techniques, explained below, can be used very effectively to enhance surface temperature differences.

 

Simple Techniques to Enhance Thermal Patterns

 

Often thermal patterns can be enhanced by using simple techniques to increase transient heat transfer. It may be possible to add heating or cooling directly into or to the surface of the tank/silo. The gas head in the tank responds more quickly than the liquid. As discussed above, solids may respond in a more complex manner. An industrial hot air gun can be used to heat the surface of small to medium sized tanks. Heating even a narrow area may dramatically reveal a level. Cooling can be provided simply by wetting the surface with water. As evaporation takes place, cooling drives transient heat flow and reveals or enhances the levels. While these techniques may not seem feasible for large tanks, such is not the case. Cooling in particular can easily be supplied with a stream of cold water hosed onto the tank surface. Add the element of time for the cooling to take effect and, in many cases, the image becomes readily apparent.

 

Conclusion

 

Many industries have a critical need to determine levels in tanks and silos and to validate the already existing level-indication instrumentation. Infrared thermal imaging provides a simple, cost-effective means of doing both. Conditions often allow for levels to be seen at almost any time of the night or day and throughout the year. While levels are not always immediately obvious, persistence, careful infrared imaging and simple enhancement techniques can often produce remarkable results.

 

Acknowledgments

 

The authors would like to thank the following individuals for their assistance in the work that went into this paper: Jeff Backer, Shane Brooker, Matt Clarke, Lee Colgrove, Jeff Cordova, Keith Dodderer, Patrick Lawrence, Greg McIntosh, Rob Spring, and Mark Soult.

 

Please visit us at  www.electrophysics.com/snellsiloab

 

For more comprehensive White Papers visit our online Knowledge Center.
www.electrophysics.com/thermal-imaging

 

Electrophysics - IR Cameras for Thermography Professionals
373 Route 46, Fairfield, NJ 07004 Phone: 973-882-0211 Fax: 973-882-0997

About the Author

 

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Stop Scrubbing Your Fish Tank - Let The Chinese Algae Eater Do It For You!

He might not be the best looking fish, but the the Chinese Algae Eater is certainly the hardest working. If you are battling algae in your aquarium, this little fish can help clean it up in no time at all!

The Chinese Algae Eater (Gyrinocheilus aymonieri) is not striking in appearance, he is a light brown with a dark stripe down the back. His mouth is located underneath which is typical of a loach and this placement helps him to grip onto rocks and things so he can remain in place in the current. In your tank you will often see his underbelly as he hangs on to the glass eating the algae and acting as a fast and efficient tank cleaner. While it may seem like one fish cannot do the job, believe me you will be surprised as he can literally clean up your tank overnight, and keep it clean.

In the fish store, you will find mostly young Chinese Algae eaters that are about ½ inch to 1 inch in size. Even for this small size you will find that they eat an amazing amount of algae. Young fish will pretty much just go about their business, but older ones can be territorial so it is not advisable to have more than one Chinese algae eater in your tank.

This tropical fish thrives in most aquariums and his optimum temperature is between 77 and 82 degrees. They can probably tolerate lower temps, but if your tank gets below 69 degrees, the Chinese Algae Eater will stop eating so be sure to keep the tank warm so that your little living vacuum will keep doing his job.

Eating a herbivorous diet, your algae eater will need, of course, lots of algae in the tank so you will need to be sure that the tank gets light in order for the algae to grow. If it seems like he is not getting enough food, or you want to give him something different you can hang a bit of lettuce or spinach on the side of the tank.

You may find that your Chinese Algae Eater hangs around mostly at the bottom of the tank, and that is where he is most comfortable. Of course, he will scour the tank regularly for algae so you will also see him on your rocks, decorations and sides. Although rather small at first, this fish can actually grow to 11 inches so you might want to be sure you have enough room to house him as an adult!

The Chinese Algae Eater can be purchased at your local aquarium store and is readily available. If the salesperson doesn't know what a Chinese Algae Eater is, then try asking for an Indian Algae Eater or a Sucking Loach which are other names for this interesting fish.

So if you want a fish that is more practical than pretty and that will do your cleaning for you without asking for a weekly wage, the Chinese Algae Eater is a sure bet!

About the Author

Lee Dobbins writes for http://www.fish-tank-guide.com where you can learn more about everything to do with your
fish tank
.

Guppy Fish in Your Tank

You can choose between numerous Guppy fish variations, differencing in the shape of the body as well as the color of the fish. The most common colors are red, green and blue. Guppy variations include:

Veil tail guppy, Lace tail guppy, Lyre tail guppy, Flag tail guppy, Bottom and Double sword tail guppy, Long fin guppy, Fantail guppy, Red tail guppy, Triangle tail guppy, Rounded guppy, Fancy guppy, Tuxedo guppy, Glass guppy, Grass guppy, Mosaic guppy, King Cobra guppy, Snakeskin guppy and Peacock guppy.

Guppies are often kept in community aquariums since they are so peaceful. They do however prefer to be kept in species aquariums, since other fish occasionally assault them by nipping their long fins. When several Guppies are kept together they will form a beautiful school.

Behavior:
Guppies are often bred for their natural color, so over the years the domestic guppy has grown weaker. As a result, guppies will sometimes die after 2-3 days. A guppy may not survive a sudden increase or drop in temperature.

There is a great deal of variety between the populations, many with distinctive coloring or patterning. Those that live in habitats where predators are common tend to be less vividly decorated as a protective measure. Populations that deal with fewer predators are much more colorful.

Recent studies suggest that vividly colored males are favored via sexual selection (handicap principle) while natural selection via predation favors subdued tones.

In aquarium:
Occasionally male guppies may behave aggressively towards each other, engaging in fin-nipping and other bullying behavior. Guppies live in complex social networks, choosing social partners and remembering them.

Gender:
Males have longer, more colorful fins and are smaller than females, which tend to be dull colored. However, the most definitive feature in males is the genitalia - a stick-like modified anal fin.

About the Author

I right all about aquarium fish keeping!
If you want to know more information about angelfish, black molly fish or any other tropical fish please visit our aquarium fish website at http://aquatropicalfish.com and our friendly forum at http://aquatropicalfish.com/forum/index.php

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Aquarium Lighting - 5 Great Tips To Light Up Your Aquarium

1. Fish need lights to survive
Regardless of whether you have a fresh water set up or a marine set up your fish will need light in the aquarium to survive. However, sometimes different fish require different kind of lighting and it is better that you ask for advice from the fish accessory shop as to what lighting you should have for your fish.

2. The various kinds of lighting
You could use florescent lighting for fish that are brightly colored as this will make the fish stand out more in the aquarium and give the aquarium a nice effect. You can get these lights in various sizes to suit your aquarium. You will have to buy the light fittings separately as they do not come along with the fish tanks or the hoods for the tanks. This is an expensive part of equipment as you will have to buy the fittings for the lights also.

3. Lighting for marine tanks
Marine tanks need more light and these are more expensive as a lot of pure light is needed here to light up the reefs. Anemones and corals require a lot of light and also sensitivity to live in under these conditions and so light plays an important role in this sort of a marine aquarium. If you are planning on a coral reef make sure that you have adequate light and the correct kind.

4. Where to find aquarium lighting
Aquarium lightings maybe easy to install, but cost quite a bit. You can buy these at any pet shop or fish shop that sells accessories for fish tanks and aquariums too. You could also search for second hand lighting for marine aquariums but always ensure that they are in working condition first or else you will be wasting your money on it.

5. Get good lighting to define your aquarium
To get a good look about your aquarium you should put good lighting and not some cheap kind which will make it look shabby. If your lighting is good then your fish tank will look good and will be worth being put up. You could try out various colors and not just adhere to white for your lighting effects. Try out various colors and see which one you find most suitable for your aquarium and for the type of fish collection that you have in it.

About the Author

Abhishek is an avid Fish Lover and he has got some great Aquarium Care Secrets up his sleeves! Download his FREE 105 Pages Ebook, "Aquarium Care Made Easy!" from his website http://www.Wonder-Homes.com/636/index.htm . Only limited Free Copies available.

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Glass Paintings a Beautiful Art of Bygone Era

Glass painting is a very popular art form. It is executed on the glass sheets with oil and hard resin or with water color and gum on glass sheets. Glass painting is a folk art tradition which flourished from the 15th to the 18th century in Europe and North America. The technique of painting on glass flourished in India in the 18th century under the influence of the Chinese artists who lived and worked for the nobility and royalty.

Unpainted areas of glass are coated with mercury, which provides a mirror background to the colored images. It creates a kind of illusion between the viewer and picture space. The colors seen through glass appear translucent, as they cannot be touched. It gives a jewel-like appearance which is magical.

Glass paintings have various themes:

• Animal Glass Paintings

• Mughal Glass Paintings-

• Indian Epic Glass Paintings

• Bird Glass Paintings

Designs and Patterns:

Glass paintings involve various design and patterns that are enticing and mesmerizing. It consists of various designs patterns that are exquisite. The various mediums, forms, imagery, subject matter, and symbolism are employed and adopted to create a glass painting. The visual format of a glass painting has expressive patterns of arrangement of lines, shapes, colors, tones, and textures. The usage of colors and shapes in a glass painting communicates a particular mood, and creates forces of both harmony and tension.

Process:

As the name suggest, Glass painting is done on clear glass. Glass painting is a unique art that requires immense skill. Painting on glass involves a process different from the procedure used when painting on opaque surfaces. It is extremely difficult and requires visual memory and fine detailing for the finishing and shading lines. The picture mounted with its unpainted side uppermost so it can be viewed through the glass.

Glass painting development:

Glass painting technique is spread extensively in western and southern India, across Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Bihar, and Bengal. The town of Thanjavur in Tamil Nadu is known for the craft of painting on glass. Often the glass paintings are referred to as the Thanjavur sacred icon paintings. To make devotional images of God and Goddesses, the glass paintings are decorated with gold leaf. The rich and bold colors are used giving a feeling of opulence. The paintings of the deities is placed within a formal frame depicting heavily fringed and tasselled curtains, chandeliers, glass lamps, winged angels, or heavy furniture.

Popular Glass Painters:

Glass painting is regarded as a fine art in northern Europe. Some of the popular glass painters in Europe are Willi Dirx, Ida Kerkovius, Lily Hildebrandt, Klee, Oskar Schlemmer, and Heinrich

Reverse glass painting:

Reverse painting on glass is an art form consisting of applying paint on a piece of glass and then viewing the image by turning the glass over and looking through the glass at the image. This art form has been flourishing for years. This style of painting is famous for the depiction of the Hindu deities especially in Southern India. It involves a large amount of Gold paint and uses colors like red and green for the gem stones adorning the deities, which provides real jewelry effect. Acrylic paint is the commonly used painting medium.

Stained glass painitng:

The term stained glass refers to the material of colored glass or the craft of working with it. It is applied to the windows of churches, cathedrals, and other significant buildings.

It is made in flat panels and used as windows, and also include three-dimensional structures and sculpture.

About the Author

Timmy
is an experienced education and Art and entertainments consultant who has been in the industry for quite a few years. Working as a consultant, he also has written a number of articles on entertainments
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Enhance Your Environment With Small Statuettes

Sculpture has been a significant part of artistic and spiritual traditions worldwide for many centuries, and contemporary manufacturing has made small statuettes cheap and readily available. Whether or not you're looking for decorative statuettes for your home or office, non secular statuettes to create a non secular space, or a mini statuette to present as a distinctive gift, you'll easily find mini statuettes for sale online.

Statuettes can be made from many different materials. They can be carved from wood or stone, solid in metals like bronze or pewter, created of plaster, fired clay, ceramic, or glass materials, or in several cases these days, a mould is created and the statuettes are made of resin. They may be left unpainted, painted by hand, or coloured in the process of manufacturing. Mini statuettes will be found to suit anyone's taste and to reinforce any decor.

If you need non secular statuettes, you'll be able to find Christian, Jewish, Buddhist, Hindu, Muslim and Native American figures. In the Christian tradition, you'll find figures of Catholic saints, small sculptures of Jesus, Mary and other Biblical figures, crèche scenes and more. In the Jewish tradition, you will notice Bat Mitzvah figurines, rabbis in different poses, or Moses with the stone tablets. Buddha is a frequent subject of sculptors and different Hindu statuettes may include Shiva, Ganesh, Lakshmi or similar religious figures. Finding small statuettes or small sculptures to give as gifts for religious ceremonies like 1st communion, confirmation, Bat Mitzvah, weddings or other events is usually an right way to commemorate a special spiritual event.

Statuettes or small sculptures aren't confined to religious subjects. Animals are a favourite subject and everything from wild animals to domesticated animals will be found in small statuettes. If you raise Great Danes, you'll notice Great Dane statuettes for sale. Cats, frogs, roosters and ducks – a myriad of animals can be found to feature to your surroundings. You may even be ready to personalize your animal statuette with a reputation or date and that can be a great method of preserving the memory of a loved pet, or for creating a personalised gift for a pet-loving friend.

Other favorite small statuette themes are children, moms and dads with kids, lovers, friends, historical figures, musical instruments, houses and Victorian statuettes. If a lover has moved into a new Victorian-style home, a statuette of an old-fashioned house may be a beautiful memento as a housewarming present. If your daughter graduates from college, a small statuette of a college graduate can be a distinctive gift.

Think of small statuettes as gifts for holidays all year round. Whether or not it's Valentine's Day, Easter, Mother's Day, Father's Day, Graduation, Fourth of July, Thanksgiving, Hanukkah, Christmas or any other special vacation, you will notice small statuettes for sale that will build memorable gifts. In addition to the holidays we all celebrate, there are personal days such as birthdays and anniversaries that can create the perfect setting to offer mini statuettes as gifts. Permit your imagination to roam free and you will find statuettes to suit the person and also the occasion.

About the Author

Mark Wild is a disciple of Anna Chromy and is a professional sculptor with years of professional experience in large metal wall art, bronze sculptures, mother and child sculptures and small statuettes. Detailed information on all the above and much more is available at www.AnnaChromy.com Visit the website now to see Anna's amazing collection.

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Russians are Coming

 

Russians Are Coming

 

By Michael Webster: Investigative Reporter: Sept. 8, 2008 4:30 PM PDT

 

Peter the Great is one of Russia's most prestigious warships

Russian ocean supply ships are believed heading to Venezuela to deliver more Russian military hardware to Venezuela and will be escorted by Russian naval squadrons of war ships, submarines, and anti-submarine patrol planes. This armada well be steaming toward Venezuela under the craze of a joint military exercise in the Caribbean, a deployment that comes amid increasingly tense relations with the United States. The United States military is believed on alert status.

This dangerous decision to take this action made just a week after Prime Minister Vladimir Putin warned that Russia would mount an unspecified response to recent U.S. aid shipments to Georgia. Putin further warned he would take military action in response to the U.S. Poland agreement to install defense missiles and radar units in Poland, which are believed to be within a hundred miles of the Russian border.

One of the war ships in that armada, according to a Russian spokesmen said “the Peter the Great missile cruiser (two times as big as ours)  and three other Russian Navy ships would visit Venezuela before the year's end, and would be joined by a unit of long-range anti-submarine patrol aircraft.”

He did not say how many planes would be sent, but said they would be "temporarily based at one of Venezuela's air bases."

Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez publicly announced Sunday on television and radio claiming, the Russian vessels would call on Venezuelan ports this fall.

Chavez, who has cultivated close ties with Moscow and placed big orders for Russian jets, helicopters and other weapons, has repeatedly warned that the U.S. Navy poses a threat to Venezuela.

Diplomatic relations between Caracas and Washington have been tense for years. U.S. officials have warned that Chavez poses a threat to democracy, while Chavez has emerged as Latin America's most outspoken critic of U.S. foreign policy.

The socialist leader ridiculed any U.S. concerns over the joint exercise with the Russian forces, saying, "Go ahead and squeal, Yankees."

Russia has been angered, over the recent deployment of U.S. Navy ships to the Black Sea to deliver humanitarian aid to Georgia, which was ravaged by a five-day war with Russia last month.

Russian officials said past U.S. military assistance for Georgia had encouraged the Caucasus country to launch its offensive in South Ossetia, and argued that the new shipments could be a cover for weapons deliveries.

U.S. officials have dismissed those accusations, saying the ships are carrying only humanitarian supplies such as blankets and powered milk.

Putin last week warned that Russia would respond to the U.S. aid shipments to Georgia, but he did not say how.

"We don't understand what American ships are doing on the Georgian shores, but this is a question of taste, it's a decision by our American colleagues," Putin said. "The second question is why the humanitarian aid is being delivered on naval vessels armed with the newest rocket systems."

Russia's reaction to the U.S. deployment to the Black Sea "will be calm, without any sort of hysteria. But of course, there will be an answer," Putin said.

Russian President Vladimir Putin and Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez embody a generation of sophisticated policial maneuvering. In June of this year President Vladimir Putin welcomed Venezuelan leader Hugo Chavez for talks at the Russian presidential retreat outside Moscow warning the west that military-technical cooperation were on the agenda.

The Laguna Journal has learned that Chavez has signed a major weapons deal while last in Russia, Putin said at the time bilateral relations were developing and praised the Venezuelan leader.

"We still have ahead of us talks on economic affairs and military-technical ties. So I'm glad to see you," Putin told Chavez at Novo-Ogaryovo, on Moscow's outskirts, before an informal dinner.

The Laguna Journal was told by high ranking Russian official from the Russian Embassy, that an agreement was already signed by both leaders and that Russia will support Venezuela unilaterally.”

The agreement includes Russia providing Venezuela with Russian military hard ware which includes tanks, armored personal carriers, missile defense weapons, more military helicopters, and Su-30MK fighter aircraft and Russian military and Russian civil technicians. Intelligence agencies believe much of the Russian military hardware and other supplies have already been delivered. The U.S. has satellite surveillance evidence showing clearly these types of shipments into Venezuela harbors and warehouses.

The U.S. is watching carefully to be sure that offensive missiles are not being transported to Venezuela for installation like those during the Cuban crises in Cuba.

The Russian-Venezuelan economic relationship also extends to the energy sector. Global news reports indicate Venezuela was looking for Russian help to build an ambitious gas pipeline to connect Venezuela, Brazil, Bolivia, Argentina, Uruguay, and Russian State firms. LUKoil and Gazprom are increasingly replacing American oil companies in the exploitation of the Orinoco Basin. Although the Russian presence in the exploitation of petroleum in Venezuela is still relatively small, it is growing strong. Venezuela is the fourth oil supplier of the USA.

Since the Russian diplomacy has a clear commitment to restore its world influence, at least at the Cold War level, Chavez also represents for them a door to Latin America and right in the backyard of the states, in terms of military, political and economic influence.

In Latin America, Putin has found an excellent ally in the Venezuelan dictator, Hugo Chavez.  Venezuela represents a new market for Russian exports and investments. During the last three years, Russia has sold Venezuela 100,000 AK-103 assault rifles, 53 helicopters, including 12 Mi-17 military helicopters, and 14 Su-30MK fighter aircrafts. That has represented for Russia earnings of over 5 billion U.S. dollars. Russia has also offered to sell Venezuela 50 of its most advanced warplanes, the MIG 29 Fulcrums. Last year, Chavez stated that Russia would deliver 5 Kilo class 636 diesel submarines to Venezuela, 10 more Su-30MK fighter aircrafts and 5,000 Dragunov sniper riffles. Currently, plans are being made to acquire from Russia an additional 36 helicopters and Su-35 fighters, a yet undetermined number of Antonov transport aircrafts. Talks about setting up a factory of Russian weapons in Venezuela are currently underway.

According to Chavez, he is buying this vast amount of weaponry because he is getting ready for an eventual USA invasion. However, this rearmament causes more concerns among Venezuela's neighbors than to the US, as Chavez is building alliances with subversives groups everywhere in the region. This includes its recent petition for removing the Colombian FARC and ELN from the list of "terrorist organizations," despite that they have kidnapped over 700 people, are involved in arms and drug trafficking, have employed car and gas cylinder bombs, landmines, extortion, hijacking, and enrolled by force poor children in their army to reach their goals.

On Saturday, Venezuelan Rear Admiral Salbatore Cammarata Bastidas said Venezuelan aircraft and submarines would be involved in exercises with the Russians.

"This is of great importance because it is the first time it is being done [in the Americas]," he said in a statement quoted by the AFP news agency and local media.

President Chavez supported Russia's intervention in Georgia last month and has accused Washington of being scared of Moscow's "new world potential".

However, Putin's political ambitions are not only about Russia. He has repeatedly stated that dismantling the Soviet Union was a mistake, and has not hidden his intention of making Russia a true heir of the former Soviet world power. In fact, the Russian attitude toward terrorist states like Iran has been rather weak, as they plan to take advantage of the increasing isolation of the Islamic regime in order to increase Russian influence on them.

About the Author

America's leading authority on Venture Capital/Equity Funding. A trustee on some of the nations largest trade Union funds. A noted Author, Lecturer, Educator, Emergency Manager, Counter-Terrorist, War on Drugs and War on Terrorist Specialist, Business Consultant, Newspaper Publisher. Radio News caster. Labor Law generalist, Teamster Union Business Agent, General Organizer, Union Rank and File Member Grievances Representative, NLRB Union Representative, Union Contract Negotiator, Workers Compensation Appeals Board Hearing Representative. Investigative Reporter for print, electronic and on-line News Agencies.

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which gas tank repair kit brand is the best ?

I have found 3 brands of gas tank repair kits Por-15, Kreem, and KBS all claim to do the same, and have a very similar process. but Kreem is the cheapest of the 3 has anyone here tried all 3 brands ? and if so which was best bang for the buck?

Had Kreem peel away on me. KBS Coatings tank sealer actually seeps deep into the open pores of the tank and becomes part of the substrate for a permanent seal. Have 3 size kits to choose....saves money depending on your gallon size tank. Just follow the 3 steps for great results.

http://www.kbs-coatings.com/KBS-Gas-Tank-Sealer-C38.aspx

How do I put a realistic battle damage look on diorama vehicles?

Im looking for ways to make a tank look like its treads were destroyed by a grenade.And I need help for scenery details.
ok.....these are plastic models. i need a way (without melting them) tomake them LOOK like they are damaged.

Tank tracks are usually made of steel, so a grenade or mine would separate the individual treads at their linkages, bend some and scatter some for a small distance.
So by cutting the model track, bending some of the treads using a propane torch or soldering iron, bending a couple of the idler wheels on their axles, and blackening the area of the "explosion" with soot from a candle or by airbrushing with black, you should get a realistic effect.
Just be prepared to take your time.

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Septic Tank Care And Maintenance Guide

When building a new house a connection to the sewer system is sometimes a problem, many home owners are left with a hard decision, and many choose to use a septic system, these septic tanks are reliable and efficient, but there are some things that you must remember and always practice if you have a septic tank, otherwise you might have problems with your system.

Proper landscaping

When constructing your septic system, make sure that the soil absorption area is far from rainwater drainage or downspouts. Make sure that it is not underneath your garage and areas where you will put heavy equipment. Divert the water coming from other means away from the septic tank drainfield. Do not construct your septic system near a tree or areas where soil erosion can easily occur. Roots from the trees can get through and damage your septic tank.

Dispose chemicals and other liquid materials properly

Gasoline, paint thinners, motor oil, varnish, and other chemicals that contain active substances can ruin your septic tank walls and can cause hazard to groundwater as well. Make sure you dispose them properly and away from your septic tank system. Also, grease can easily clog in your septic tank so make sure you steer away from disposing them in your toilet.

Differentiate the toilet from garbage cans.

Cigarette butts and filters facial tissues, paper towels, coffee grounds, sanitary napkins, disposable diapers, tampons, cat litter, and other solid waste must be disposed in your garbage bins and not on your toilet. They clog to your septic tank easily.

Proper maintenance

Builders would suggest constructing a septic system with 1,000-gallon capacity for a family of 4. This would last from 3 to 5 years of full time use before you notice that it is getting filled up. When it does, there are professional wastewater treating system services to help you pump out solids on your septic tank.

If there are damages to your tank, do not attempt to open it yourself. Do not enter your septic tank as well. There are bacteria and gases in your tank that can be fatal. Call a professional to make the necessary repairs.

Never use chemical or biological solutions in place of septic tank pumping system.

Upgrade your septic system, like your roof, doors, cabinets, driveway, ceilings, and furnace, your septic tank will need to get an upgrade and possibly a replacement in due time. Do not hesitate to do this. Advances in the latest system will tremendously improve your wastewater disposal system.

Taking proper care of your septic tank and regular maintenance of the septic system will result in a reliable system, one that is not so much different than any sewer system.

About the Author

Septic tanks and Septic systems are used in places that dont have a direct access to the sewer system, learn more about
Fiberglass Septic Tanks
at http://septictank.advice-tips.com

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Porsche Car Hire the Ultimate Sports Car

Car manufacturer Porsche SE is a German brand that prides themselves on luxury, quality and performance. Porsche car hire is owned by Germany families, Porsche and Piech families respectively. The Porsche family are a family of industrialists related to Ferdinand Porsche (created the VW beetle and development in German tanks the Tiger) who designed many of the first Porsche cars that were mass produced for the public for the company that he founded in 1940, Porsche.

Porsche car hire currently have a portfolio of high performance and luxury automobiles including the 911, 997, and the Boxster. Also the use specialise in 4 x4, sport and utility vehicles for use in suburban areas.

The 1999 Porsche 911 GT3 was produced and marketed as a high performance road legal car of which was more advanced then the standard 911. Named after the FIA GT, it was the first water cooled version of the Porsche 911. Porsche car hire also have a racing version of the 911 GT3 which has come first in many competitions, included Le Mans and other 24 hour races. Competitions are fierce in the market for super cars and the Porsche 911 GT3 is up against Italian giants Ferrari with their F430 and German luxury car manufacturer BMW with a GTR M3.

Many members of public feel that Porsche are out their price range so this was addressed with the Boxster. This mid engine little roadster was introduced in 1996 and has been quite successful. With a 2.5 litre flat 6 cylinder engine in the beginning, the model has evolved to introduce a 3.2 litre monster for increased performance. Porsche car hire then released a new generation to their popular roadster model with the type 987. These cars were even more powerful then their predecessors with increased engine output. Despite having a few cosmetic changes the Boxster has not strayed from the originals shape and style.

One of the greatest Porsche car hire automobiles ever made is the Porsche Carrera GT. This was a real beast, a mid engine sports car powered with a 5.7 litre V10 engine. From standstill to 60 miles per hour this car can do it in less than 3.5 seconds, with a maximum all out speed of 205 mph. You can get this car from Porsche car hire companies in five colours only, which include variants of Red, Yellow, Black, Silver and Grey. Custom colours were available if you placed an order for the car at a factory.

The Carrera GT has a 6 speed manual gearbox, complemented this with a beech wood gear knob from the Porsche 917 Le Mans racer. The main rival to this car is Ferrari's Enzo, however with the Enzo priced in at approximately $660000 the Carrera GT has as slight advantage being only $444000.

If you're after an unforgettable driving experience then Porsche car hire could be for you! With a wide choice of performance super cars such as the Carrera GT and the 911 GT3 you can be spoilt for choice when it comes to selecting a hire car to show off in, or just to have a weekend away with the open road.

About the Author

Porsche Car Hire
. One search to compare the best car hire companies online.
La Manga Club
in Spain the perfect holiday resort.